5-HTP je prekurzorom serotonínu. Serotonín je neurotransmiter, ktorý pôsobí ako anti-depresívum a považuje sa za “hormón šťastia”. 5-HTP je jednoduchý spôsob, ako zvýšiť hladiny serotonínu v mozgu, pretože obchádza mechanizmus obmedzujúci rýchlosť jeho tvorby. Užívatelia žnú buď odmeny alebo riziká vyplývajúce so zvýšeného množstva serotonínu v mozgu.
AKA
retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, tretinoin, beta-karotén

Zhrnutie
5-HTP je zlúčenina, ktorá sa v mozgu premieňa na serotonín. Serotonín je jedným z hlavných neurotransmiterov podieľajúcich sa na šťastí a potláčajúci depresiu.
5-HTP sa úspešne používa na obnovenie hladín serotonínu u ľudí, ktorí môžu trpieť zníženými hladinami serotonínu (napr. ľudia trpiaci depresiou a ľudia s vysokými hladinami zápalu v tele – typické pri metabolickom syndróme.
Ako užívať
Dávka 5-HTP je v rozmedzí 300-500 mg a užíva sa buď raz denne alebo v rozdelených dávkach. Nižšie dávky môžu byť tiež účinné, aj keď zvyčajne v kombinácii s inými látkami.
Na účely zníženia príjmu potravy sa má 5-HTP užívať spolu s jedlom, pretože zvyšuje pocit sýtosti z príjmu potravy (namiesto znižovania chuti do jedla/hladu).
5-HTP by sa nemal užívať s iným neurologickým liekom, ktorý bol predpísaný na antidepresívne alebo iné kognitívne účely, pokiaľ to nenariadi lekár. Toto je najdôležitejšie pri užívaní SSRI (Selektívne inhibítory spätného vychytávania sérotonínu), kde kombinácia s 5-HTP je potenciálne smrteľná.
Upozornenie
Hoci toxicita serotonínu nebola u ľudí pozorovaná, pri súbežnom požití 5-HTP a antidepresív sa odporúča poradiť sa s lekárom. 5-HTP je nervovo aktívny. Zvýšenie hladiny serotonínu sa prejavuje viac „euforicky“ alebo zvýšením pocitu šťastia, ako stimulačne.
Literatúra
- Jukić T, et al. The use of a food supplementation with D-phenylalanine, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytriptophan in the alleviation of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Coll Antropol. (2011)
- Rondanelli M, et al. Satiety and amino-acid profile in overweight women after a new treatment using a natural plant extract sublingual spray formulation. Int J Obes (Lond). (2009)
- Rondanelli M, et al. Relationship between the absorption of 5-hydroxytryptophan from an integrated diet, by means of Griffonia simplicifolia extract, and the effect on satiety in overweight females after oral spray administration. Eat Weight Disord. (2012)
- Turner EH, Loftis JM, Blackwell AD. Serotonin a la carte: supplementation with the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan. Pharmacol Ther. (2006)
- Birdsall TC. 5-Hydroxytryptophan: a clinically-effective serotonin precursor. Altern Med Rev. (1998)
- The Metabolism of L-Tryptophan by Isolated Rat Liver Cells.
- Metabolism of an oral tryptophan load. I: Effects of dose and pretreatment with tryptophan.
- O’Neil MF, Moore NA. Animal models of depression: are there any. Hum Psychopharmacol. (2003)
- Ceci F, et al. The effects of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjects. J Neural Transm. (1989)
- Cangiano C, et al. Effects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. (1998)
- Cangiano C, et al. Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Am J Clin Nutr. (1992)
- Cangiano C, et al. Effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan on eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects. Adv Exp Med Biol. (1991)
- Precursor control of Neurotransmitter Synthesis.
- Wurtman RJ, Wurtman JJ. Brain serotonin, carbohydrate-craving, obesity and depression. Obes Res. (1995)
- Routh VH, Stern JS, Horwitz BA. Serotonergic activity is depressed in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus of 12-day-old obese Zucker rats. Am J Physiol. (1994)
- Total and Free tryptophan concentration in the plasma of depressive patients.
- Decreased plasma tryptophan levels in major depression.
- Taylor MW, Feng GS. Relationship between interferon-gamma, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and tryptophan catabolism. FASEB J. (1991)
- Myint AM, Kim YK. Cytokine-serotonin interaction through IDO: a neurodegeneration hypothesis of depression. Med Hypotheses. (2003)
- Transcriptional activation of Indoleamine Dioxygenase by Interleukin 1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor α in Interferon-Treated Epithelial Cells.
- The phenomenology and treatment of interferon-induced depression.
- Bonaccorso S, et al. Increased depressive ratings in patients with hepatitis C receiving interferon-alpha-based immunotherapy are related to interferon-alpha-induced changes in the serotonergic system. J Clin Psychopharmacol. (2002)
- Shaw K, Turner J, Del Mar C. Are tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan effective treatments for depression? A meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. (2002)
- van Hiele LJ. l-5-Hydroxytryptophan in depression: the first substitution therapy in psychiatry? The treatment of 99 out-patients with ‚therapy-resistant‘ depressions. Neuropsychobiology. (1980)
- Hinz M, Stein A, Uncini T. 5-HTP efficacy and contraindications. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. (2012)
- Hinz M, Stein A, Uncini T. Amino acid management of Parkinson’s disease: a case study. Int J Gen Med. (2011)
- Hinz M, Stein A, Uncini T. Monoamine depletion by reuptake inhibitors. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. (2011)
- Shell W, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of an amino acid preparation on timing and quality of sleep. Am J Ther. (2010)
- Emanuele E, et al. An open-label trial of L-5-hydroxytryptophan in subjects with romantic stress. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. (2010)
- Speroff L, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of desvenlafaxine succinate treatment for menopausal vasomotor symptoms: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. (2008)
- Stearns V, et al. Paroxetine is an effective treatment for hot flashes: results from a prospective randomized clinical trial. J Clin Oncol. (2005)
- Freedman RR. Treatment of menopausal hot flashes with 5-hydroxytryptophan. Maturitas. (2010)
- Freedman RR, Wasson S. Miniature hygrometric hot flash recorder. Fertil Steril. (2007)
- Park SB, et al. Tryptophan depletion in normal volunteers produces selective impairments in learning and memory. Neuropharmacology. (1994)
- Oldman A, et al. Biochemical and behavioural effects of acute tryptophan depletion in abstinent bulimic subjects: a pilot study. Psychol Med. (1995)
- Cleare AJ, Bond AJ. The effect of tryptophan depletion and enhancement on subjective and behavioural aggression in normal male subjects. Psychopharmacology (Berl). (1995)
- Klaassen T, et al. Effects of tryptophan depletion on anxiety and on panic provoked by carbon dioxide challenge. Psychiatry Res. (1998)
- Miller HE, Deakin JF, Anderson IM. Effect of acute tryptophan depletion on CO2-induced anxiety in patients with panic disorder and normal volunteers. Br J Psychiatry. (2000)
- Schruers K, et al. Effects of tryptophan depletion on carbon dioxide provoked panic in panic disorder patients. Psychiatry Res. (2000)
- Schruers K, et al. Acute L-5-hydroxytryptophan administration inhibits carbon dioxide-induced panic in panic disorder patients. Psychiatry Res. (2002)
- Maron E, et al. The effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on cholecystokinin-4-induced panic attacks in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol. (2004)
- Bruni O, et al. L -5-Hydroxytryptophan treatment of sleep terrors in children. Eur J Pediatr. (2004)
- Schruers K, et al. L-5-hydroxytryptophan induced increase in salivary cortisol in panic disorder patients and healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl). (2002)
- Stamford JA, Kruk ZL, Millar J. Striatal dopamine terminals release serotonin after 5-HTP pretreatment: in vivo voltammetric data. Brain Res. (1990)
- Zhelyaskov DK, Levitt M, Udenfriend S. Tryptophan derivatives as inhibitors of tyrosine hydroxylase in vivo and in vitro. Mol Pharmacol. (1968)
- Awazi N, Guldberg HC. On the interaction of 5-hydroxytryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptamine with dopamine metabolism in the rat striatum. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. (1978)
- Breier JM, Bankson MG, Yamamoto BK. L-tyrosine contributes to (+)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced serotonin depletions. J Neurosci. (2006)
- Correlation between brain tryptophan and plasma neutral amino acid levels following food consumption in rats.
- Ritvo ER, et al. Effects of L-dopa in autism. J Autism Child Schizophr. (1971)
- Karobath M, Díaz JL, Huttunen MO. The effect of L-dopa on the concentrations of tryptophan, tyrosine and serotonin in rat brain. Eur J Pharmacol. (1971)
- Borah A, Mohanakumar KP. Long-term L-DOPA treatment causes indiscriminate increase in dopamine levels at the cost of serotonin synthesis in discrete brain regions of rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol. (2007)
- van Praag HM. In search of the mode of action of antidepressants. 5-HTP/tyrosine mixtures in depressions. Neuropharmacology. (1983)
- Henman FD. Amino acid decarboxylase enzymes–vital or irrelevant to gastric secretion. Digestion. (1975)
- Orlefors H, et al. Carbidopa pretreatment improves image interpretation and visualisation of carcinoid tumours with 11C-5-hydroxytryptophan positron emission tomography. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. (2006)
- Bertoldi M, Gonsalvi M, Voltattorni CB. Green tea polyphenols: novel irreversible inhibitors of dopa decarboxylase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. (2001)
- Gustafsson BI, et al. Long-term serotonin administration induces heart valve disease in rats. Circulation. (2005)
- Aliño JJ, Gutierrez JL, Iglesias ML. 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and a MAOI (nialamide) in the treatment of depressions. A double-blind controlled study. Int Pharmacopsychiatry. (1976)
- Kline N, Sacks W. Treatment of depression with an mao inhibitor followed by 5-HTP–an unfinished research project. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. (1980)
- Nicolodi M, Sicuteri F. Fibromyalgia and migraine, two faces of the same mechanism. Serotonin as the common clue for pathogenesis and therapy. Adv Exp Med Biol. (1996)
- Comparison of the Antidepressant Action of Tryptophan, Tryptophan/5-Hydroxytryptophan Combination and Nomifensine.
- Nardini M, et al. Treatment of depression with L-5-hydroxytryptophan combined with chlorimipramine, a double-blind study. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. (1983)
- van der Horst-Schrivers AN, et al. Persistent low urinary excretion of 5-HIAA is a marker for favourable survival during follow-up in patients with disseminated midgut carcinoid tumours. Eur J Cancer. (2007)
- Joy T, et al. Increase of urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid excretion but not serum chromogranin A following over-the-counter 5-hydroxytryptophan intake. Can J Gastroenterol. (2008)
Anatómia antioxidanty autoimunita bezlepková diéta bolesť chrbát COVID-19 Crohnova choroba CRP cvičenie Deep Dive DEEP DIVE – ANATOMY Deep Dive – Literature Deep Dive – Physics dezinfekcia fajčenie Fyzika IBD infekčné choroby karnitín karotenoidy ketogénna diéta koenzým Q10 kosti koža káva kĺby Literatúra mozog mužské zdravie omega-3 pamäť podcast poznávacie funkcie psoriáza rakovina stredomorská diéta svaly vitamín A vitamín C vitamín D vitamín E vitiligo xantíny ženské zdravie