Jakon (Yacon) - Scholaris

Pôsobí na: funkcia čriev

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) je hľuza, ktorej sirup obsahuje veľké množstvo fruktooligosacharidov (FOS), čo sú prirodzené čiastočne absorbovateľné prebiotiká. Yacon môže byť prospešný pre črevné zdravie a môže znižovať chuť do jedla, ale dôkazy toho sú iba obmedzené.

AKA
Smallanthus sonchifolius, jaconový sirup, Aicama, Jicama, diétny zemiak, zemiak yacon, jahoda yacon

Zhrnutie

Yacon je názov používaný na označenie rastliny Smallanthus sonchifolius, čo je hľuzová zelenina (podobná zemiakom) a bežný potravinársky výrobok v Južnej Amerike. Vyzerá ako sladký zemiak a chutí ako hruška. Zatiaľ čo samotná hľuza sa používa pri varení, sirup získaný z hľuzy (nazývaný jakonový sirup) sa používa ako alternatívne sladidlo.

Táto zelenina sa niekedy nazýva aj „diétne zemiaky“. Má vysoký obsah fruktooligosacharidov (FOS), ktoré prospievajú črevám a majú prebiotický účinok. Môže mať tiež malý účinok na potlačenie chuti do jedla u obéznych, čím znižuje príjem potravy.

Výskumy účinkov yaconu na ľuďoch sú zatiaľ obmedzené. Jeden výskum podporuje účinok na chudnutie, ktorý môže byť spôsobený znížením množstva konzumovaných kalórií, zatiaľ čo iný výskum zaznamenal, že yacon spomaľuje motilitu čriev (zvyšuje čas črevného prechodu), čím trochu znižuje chuť do jedla. Predpokladá sa, že tieto vlastnosti súvisia s obsahom FOS a sú podobné účinkom FOS z iných zdrojov.

Výskumy na hlodavcoch naznačujú množenie „dobrých“ baktérií v hrubom čreve v súlade s prebiotickými účinkami, ako aj zvýšenie vstrebávania minerálov z hrubého čreva, čo je prospešné pre zdravie kostí. Tieto vlastnosti ešte nie sú u ľudí preukázané, ale predpokladá sa, že sa tiež vyskytujú, pretože podobné účinky majú u ľudí akékoľvek iné zdroje FOS.

Existuje čaj z listov yaconu, o ktorom sa tvrdí, že je antidiabetický. Neexistujú však žiadne výskumy na ľuďoch, ktoré by toto tvrdenie podporovali. Vzhľadom na jednu štúdiu, ktorá zaznamenala poškodenie obličiek spojené s týmto čajom (poškodenie obličiek má tendenciu znižovať hladinu glukózy v krvi), sa predpokladá, že práve tento jav je základom údajných antidiabetických účinkov konzumácie čaju. Čaj sa preto neodporúča.

Upozornenie

Listy jakonu (čaj) sú považované za toxické pre obličky.
Obmedzené dôkazy naznačujú, že vodné extrakty z listov (predávané ako antidiabetický čaj) sú škodlivé pre obličky. Obsahujú skupinu molekúl, ktoré sa nevyskytujú v hľuze (odkiaľ sa získava sirup). V tejto chvíli by bolo rozumné vyhnúť sa pitiu čaju vyrobeného z listov jakonu.

Aj keď je to veľmi zriedkavé, existuje možnosť, že človek bude alergický na hľuzy yaconu.

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